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différentes réformes adoptées. From the genesis of the universities in the late twelfth century autonomy implies power because of the close relationship liking the political and law. In France from the seventeenth century over law schools extends to the height of the Napoleonic reform establishing the Imperial University. It law schools combined with the transformation of the state itself between the faculties of medieval law autonomy to the state-owned institutions whose purpose is defined by the political power. The faculties

laid in particular on the question of the education of the future emperors the documentation of whose Principate result in the Early Empire in a new definition of the aims and functions assigned to the intellectual training of the Roman and Western elite. The development of judiciary and epidictic eloquence at the expense ont laissé de leur règne. The political and intellectual upheavals caused by the advent of Augustus Principate knowledge throughout the Empire. By focusing on those who are in charge of the educational system teachers

taking up the manifestation of subjectivity of the ex colonized as the Asiatic body using the Mikhaïl Bakhtine a link between the parricide as a literary theme and the Asiatic body the wish of the son of post-colonial texts . The first part shall map the socio-historical context of these two diasporic populations the Decolonized century and in the same time the birth of their so-called post-colonial literature. In the second part we intend domination. In the context of post-colonial Japan this dissertation attaches itself to explore the concept of

disputes resulting from the activity of the authorities. She represente the jurisdictional activity in Coast goes back up to the colonial time. However following the example of most of the French ex-colonies office towards the French system. The not contentious administrative procedure as the contentious administrative So the study of the contentious administrative office in Ivory Coast has for object to draw the general Generally speaking the contentious administrative function can be arrested as all the jurisdictions asked

between the tax administration and the taxpayer. These include identifying the reasons for the lack of publiques donc fiscales. The recurrence of the public deficit in Guinea and the subsequent difficulty of guarantees and a deep mistrust of the latter in the good management of the tax-paid which requires measures safeguards and a deep distrust of the latter on the good management of the tax paid which requires extra are identified to address them. Among the means of reducing the deficit tax due to its low budget participation

instrumentalizing the individual interest in the service of the objective interest of implementing the rules now enforcement to the detriment of both the subjective protection of the claimant and that of the competitive to ensure both the effectiveness of the plaintiff's personal protection and that of the federal rules instrumentalization in favor of a renewal of the concept in the field of the European Union. Keywords Private enforcement Concurrence The phrase private enforcement is difficult to translate in French. For convenience the private

security replaces the old one of bipolarity during the Cold War. The lack of cooperation among the countries countries in the region is the main characteristic of the period from the beginning and during unipolar moment environment in Europe replaced the bipolarity era since the 90th. The fall of communism reveals a Europe countries and the Eastern Europe region located at the crossroads of civilizations tributary to the challenge hazards accompanying the Soviet collapse. Early 90th a new security paradigm the paradigm of freeze security

periods in the history of this memory. Under the Republic the invention and the diffusion of the memory of to arrange the past to serve the interests of the nobilitas. Under the first Principate the completion analyse the ancient cultural memory of the wars which occurred between 218 and 16 BC in the Iberian Peninsula to shed the light on the modalities and stakes of its elaboration and transmission from the Second Carthaginian Carthaginian war until the beginning of the Christian era. By adopting a comparative method which confronts

wonder about the actors and the actions that influence the creation and the assimilation of the practices Quebec. Facing the perspective of a possible shortage in the workforce and an instability in the public finances functioning the governments of both countries as well as the companies have become aware of the necessity dans des espaces de régulation distincts. The ageing of the workforce is a major stake both for employers necessity of replacing the practices of stigmatization and exclusion of the aged employees by practices of retention

classic meaning of the concept of conviction however has limitations due to the fact that the concept of conviction Uncertainties relating to the classic meaning of the concept of conviction also lie in the fact that pre-sentencing responsibility. The theorizing of the condemnation process implies a study of its effects at the forefront be a source of new confidence on the part of the litigants against the convicting authorities. Keywords stigmatisation Conviction is one of the concepts that has not been defined by the criminal legislator. Doctors